irradiation can cause genetic mutations in seeds, creating conditions for scientists to breed good varieties. The traditional ways and methods of creating genetic variation mainly rely on hybridization methods, which are difficult to break the close linkage between bad traits, resulting in small genetic differences between parents and similar genetic backgrounds, which brings the risk of genetic vulnerability to production. Radiation mutagenesis (physical mutagenesis, space mutagenesis) has the characteristics of simple method, short breeding cycle, good effect, and can create rare mutants and new germplasm (materials) that are difficult to obtain by other methods. It can not only create new materials and new germplasm that are not available in germplasm banks, but also has no potential safety hazards. It has played a huge role in improving crop varieties and creating new germplasm, it has become one of the advanced breeding methods widely used in the world.